01 — What is menopause?

Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles.

It typically occurs in women in their late 40s to early 50s (average age in the US is 51), though the exact age can vary. During menopause, a woman's ovaries gradually produce less estrogen and progesterone, leading to the cessation of menstrual periods and the end of fertility. This transition is characterized by various symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, vaginal dryness, and changes in sleep patterns. Menopause is considered complete when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months. While menopause is a normal part of aging, its symptoms can vary widely in severity and duration among individuals.

02 — Ok, so what is perimenopause then?

Perimenopause is a transitional phase that occurs before menopause, marking the gradual decline in reproductive hormones and the eventual cessation of menstruation. This stage typically begins several years before menopause, often in a woman's 40s, although it can start earlier or later for some individuals.

During perimenopause, hormone levels fluctuate unpredictably, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and various symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, fatigue, and changes in libido. These symptoms can vary in intensity and duration, impacting a woman's quality of life and overall well-being.

While perimenopause is a natural part of the aging process, it can present challenges for many women. Understanding and recognizing the signs of perimenopause is crucial for seeking appropriate medical guidance and support. Although the symptoms of perimenopause can be disruptive, there are various treatment options available to help manage them, ranging from lifestyle changes to hormone therapy.

Navigating perimenopause can be a unique experience for each individual, but with knowledge, support, and proactive management, women can effectively transition through this phase of life and maintain their health and vitality.

03 — What are typical symptoms of perimenopause?

Perimenopause can bring about a variety of symptoms, and while experiences vary among individuals, some of the most typical symptoms include:

1. Irregular periods: Menstrual cycles may become irregular, with variations in cycle length and flow.

2. Hot flashes and night sweats: Sudden feelings of heat, often accompanied by sweating, particularly at night.

3. Mood changes: Fluctuations in mood, including irritability, mood swings, anxiety, and depression.

4. Sleep disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, often due to night sweats or hormonal fluctuations.

5. Vaginal changes: Thinning and dryness of vaginal tissues, leading to discomfort or pain during intercourse.

6. Changes in libido: Decreased interest in sexual activity or changes in sexual desire.

7. Fatigue: Feelings of tiredness or low energy levels, which may be exacerbated by sleep disturbances.

8. Cognitive changes: Difficulty concentrating, memory lapses, or "brain fog."

9. Changes in weight: Some women may experience weight gain or changes in body composition, particularly around the abdomen.

10. Other symptoms: Headaches, joint and muscle pain, urinary changes, and changes in hair or skin texture may also occur.

It's essential to remember that not every woman will experience all of these symptoms, and their severity can vary widely. Additionally, symptoms may come and go throughout the perimenopausal transition. If experiencing significant or bothersome symptoms, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized guidance and support.

04 — What is the typical age women experience perimenopause?

It typically starts in the early 40s, but some women experience it in their late 30s as well.

05 — How can you manage the symptoms?

Lifestyle changes, hormone therapy, medication, vaginal lubricants, cognitive behavioural therapy and some (need to be evidence based) herbal remedies.

06 — I am 40, my Dr. says I am too young for perimenopause - now what?

If your doctor has dismissed your concerns about perimenopause despite experiencing symptoms that suggest otherwise, it can be frustrating and disheartening. However, it's essential not to give up advocating for your health and seeking the care you deserve. Here are some steps you can take:

1. Seek a Second Opinion: Consider scheduling an appointment with another healthcare provider for a second opinion. A different doctor may have a different perspective or approach to your symptoms and may be more willing to explore potential causes.

2. Research New Doctors: Look for healthcare providers who specialize in women's health, gynecology, or endocrinology, as they may have more experience and expertise in diagnosing and treating hormonal issues. Websites like Healthgrades or Zocdoc can help you find doctors in your area and read patient reviews.

3. Communicate Your Concerns: When meeting with a new doctor, be sure to clearly communicate your symptoms, concerns, and medical history. Provide as much detail as possible to help them understand your situation and make an informed assessment.

4. Ask Questions: Don't hesitate to ask questions about your symptoms, potential diagnoses, and treatment options. A good doctor will take the time to listen to your concerns, address your questions, and involve you in the decision-making process regarding your care.

5. Trust Your Instincts: If you feel dismissed or invalidated by a healthcare provider, trust your instincts and consider seeking care elsewhere. Your health and well-being are paramount, and it's essential to find a doctor who respects and values your input.

6. Consider Telemedicine: Telemedicine platforms offer convenient access to healthcare providers from the comfort of your home. You can schedule virtual appointments with gynecologists or endocrinologists who may have more expertise in hormonal issues.

It's unfortunate that some doctors may dismiss or downplay women's health concerns, but it's essential to remember that you have the right to advocate for yourself and seek care from providers who listen and take your concerns seriously. Don't hesitate to explore other options until you find a doctor who is supportive and proactive in addressing your needs.